932 AH. OCT. 18th 1525 to OCT. 8th 1626 AD. 523
Makka and Madlna. We gave one sliahrukhi for every soul in the country of Kabul and the valley-side ' of Varsak, man and woman, bond and free, of age or non-age.2
{b. Disaffection to Bdbur.)
On our first coming to Agra, there was remarkable dislike and hostility between its people and mine, the peasantry and soldiers running away in fear of our men. Delhi and Agra excepted, not a fortified town but strengthened its defences and neither was in obedience nor submitted. Qasim Sambhall was in Sambhal; Nizam Khan was in Blana ; in Miwat was Hasan Khan MlwatI himself, impious mannikin! who was the sole leader of the trouble and mischief.3 Muhammad Zaittin was in Dulpur; Tatar Khan Sdrang-khani* was in Guallar; Husain Khan Nuliani was in RaprI; Outb Khan was in Itawa (Etawa); 'Alam Khan {Kalfii) was in Kalpl. Qanauj and the other side of Gang (Ganges) was all held by Afghans in independent hostility,5 such as Naslr Khan Nu/uim, Ma'ruf Farmuli and a crowd of other amirs. These had been in rebellion for three or four years before Ibrahim's death and when I defeated him, were holding Qanauj and the whole country beyond it. At the present time they were lying two or three marches on our sfde of Qanauj and had made Bihar Khan the son of Darya Khan Nnhani their padshdh, under the style Sultan Muhammad. Marghub the slave was in Mahawln (Muttra ?); he remained there, thus close, for some time but came no nearer.
* Ar. sada. Perhaps it was a station of a hundred men. Varsak is in Badakhshan, on the water flowing to Taliqan from the Khwaja Muhammad range. Erskine read (P- 335) sada Varsak as sadiir rashk, incentive to emulation ; de C. (ii, 233) translates sada conjecturally by cireonscriptietu Shaikh Zain has Varsak and to the recipients of the gifts adds the "Khwastls, people noted for their piety" (A.N. trs. H.B. i, 248 n.). The gift to Varsak may well have been made in gratitude for hospitality received by Babur in the time of adversity after his loss of Samarkand and before his return to Kabul in 920 ah.
3 circa iod. or lid. Babur left himself stripped so bare by his far-flung largess that he was nick-named Qalandar (Firishta).
3 Badayuni says of him (Bib. Ind. ed. i, 340) that he was kafir kalima-gu, a pagan making the Muhammadan Confession of Faith, and that he had heard of him, in Akbar's time from Bairam Khan-i-khanan, as kingly in appearance and poetic in temperament. He was killed fighting for Rana Sanga at Kanwaha.
4 This is his family name.
5 i.e. not acting with Hasan Miwatt.
