935 AH. SEP. 15TH 1528 to SEP. 5th 1529 AD. 635
{Dec. 24th) We rode from Dulpur while one gari of the 1st watch {pahr) of Friday remained (air. 8.40a.m.), and we crossed the river (Jumna) before the Sun had set.
(Here the record of 3 days is wanting.) l
{ff. A Persian account of the battle of Jam.)
{Dec. 28th) On Tuesday the 16th of the month {RabV II) came one of Div Sl.'s z servants, a man who had been in the fight between the Qlzil-bash and Auzbeg, and who thus described it : The battle between the Auzbegs and Turkmans 3 took place on 'Ashur-day {Muh. 10th) near Jam-and-Khirgird.4 They fought from the first dawn till the Mid-day Prayer. The Auzbegs were 300,000; the Turkmans may have been (as is said ?) 40 to 50,000; he said that he himself estimated their dark mass at 100,000 ; on the other hand, the Auzbegs said they themselves were 100,000. The Qizil-bash leader {adam) fought after arraying cart, culverin and matchlockmen in the Rumi fashion, and after protecting himself. 5 Shah-zada6 and Juha SI. stood behind the carts with 20,000 good braves. The rest of the begs were posted right and left beyond the carts. These the Auzbeg beat at once on coming up, dismounted and
' One occupation of these now blank days is indicated by the date of the " Kampur Biwdn", Thursday Rabi' II. 15th (Dec. 27th).
= The demon (or, athlete) sultan of Kumelia (Rumlu) ; once Tahmasp's guardian \Tazkirat-i-TahmHsp, Bib. Ind. ed. I'hillott, p. 2). Some writers say he was put to death by Tahmasp {id. 12) in 933 AH. ; if this were so, it is strange to find a servant described as his in 935 ah. (An account of the battle is given in the Sharaf-nima, written in 1005 ah. by Sharaf Khan who was reared in Tahmasp's house. The book has been edited by Veliaminof-Zernof and translated into French by Charmoy ; cf. Trs. vol. ii, part i, p. 555. //. Beveridgt.)
3 This name, used by one who was with the Shah's troops, attracts attention ; it may show the composition of the Persian army ; it may differentiate between the troops and their " Qizil-bash leader".
4 Several writers give Saru-qamsh (Charmoy, roseau jaunt) as the name of the village where the battle was fought; Sharaf Khan gives 'Umarabad and mentions that after the fight Tahmasp spent some time in the meadow of Saru-qamsh.
. 5 The number of Tahmasp's guns being a matter of interest, reference should be ■ made to Babur's accounts of his own battles in which he arrayed in Rumi (Ottoman) fashion ; it will then be seen that the number of carts does not imply the number of guns (Index s.n. araba, cart).
6 This cannot but represent Tahmasp who was on the battle-field (scchis own story infra). He was 14 years old; perhaps he was called Shah-zada, and not Shah, on account of his youth, or because under guardianship (?). Readers of the Persian histories of his reign may know the reason. Babur hitherto has always called the boy Shah-zada ; after the victory at Jam, he styles him Shah. Juha SI. (Taklu) who was with him on the field, was Governor of Ispahan.
