104	DIAMOND
	De Beers money, he set up the British South Africa Company, and this firm received a charter that was even more fantastic than the De Beers charter. It permitted the company not only to strike north into the vast territories now known as the Rhodesias but "to make treaties, promulgate laws, preserve peace, and maintain a police force." In 1890, while Rhodes's men were moving north and founding cities, he became Prime Minister of the Cape Colony, and he was still holding that office when the Jameson Raid took place. He had known in advance that there would be a raid, had appeared to approve of it, and then, at the last moment, had sent a telegram to Jameson telling him to call it off. The telegram never arrived. There was a great deal of indignant clamor about the raid all over the world, and Rhodes quickly resigned as Prime Minister. In 1899, the year the Boer War broke out, he was in high favor again, both in Africa and England, and he said, "My career is only just beginning." During the war, he set up a small munitions factory in Kimberley. Every shell it turned out was inscribed "Compliments from C.R." For a long time he had had serious heart trouble, and in 1902, just before the war ended, he died, at the age of forty-nine. The careers of Rhodes and Barnato were closely intertwined with those of a number of other South African millionaires whose names became famous in England around the turn of the century. Suddenly arriving in England as they did with their fabulous fortunes to buy horses and houses and paintings and cases of champagne, they were more noticeable in the London of that day than Texas millionaires are now in New York. Things have changed since. The diamond industry has grown