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north of, for sixty years, 75, i; expedition to, 81, i,
Olive, the, growth of, 77, 1.
Opal, the, held high rank among gems, 23, i.
Ophir,
attempts to reach, 32, i; marvels of, 35, i ; flow of gold from, 35, i
; expedition to capture, 48, i ; attempt to reach it via Sofala, 50, i
; Fort Ophir, 45, i ; account of mining in, 50-51, i ; the search for
ends, 70, i ; a distributer, not a source of gold, 74, i ; gold of
Ophir came from Havilah, now Rhodesia, 74-75, i ; outer rim scarcely
pierced, 87, i.
Orange
P'ree State, formation of, III, i; prospects of, 112, i; claim to
diamond fields, 177, 178, i; compensation for looses, 181, 182, i ;
coal in, 238, ii.
Orange River, formerly the Groote River, named by Col. Gordon, 82, i.
Orange River Sovereignty, formation of, and abandoned by Great Britain, 110-111, i.
" Orloff, The," 28, i ; as the eye of the Hindoo god Sri-Ranga, 28, i; romance of, 28-29, i-
Ostriches, 134.
Otto's Kopje mine, 326, ii.
Otto's Prospect mine, 326, ii.
Output of blue ground, 339-340, i.
Panna, diamond fields of, 19, 20, i.
Pans, or water pools, description of, 135, i.
Pearls, ornamental use of, 22, 23, i.
Peridotite, diamond-bearing, 124, ii.
Perils in mining, 24-45, ii
" Piggott, The," the famous diamond, 30, i.
Pniel, a mission station, 137, i ; diamond diggings at, 160-163, i.
" Polar Star, The," 8, i.
Population of colony, 1819, 90, i.
Port Alfred, 128, i.
Port Elizabeth, 128, i.
Portugal, explorers of Africa from, 44-45, i; attempts to enter interior of Africa, 47-50, 59-60, i.
Precious
stones, traditional mystic powers of, 5, 6, i ; how first discovered,
5, 9, i; use as ornaments, 7, 8, 16, 21-24, i ; poured into Rome, 22,
i; origin of, 11, i; Greeks familiar with, 21, i; measure of value,
160-161, ii; world's stock, 166-167, ii; cutting and polishing,
168-191, ii.
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Premier mine (De Beers), discovery of, 345, i; purchase of, 344-347, i; opening of, 345-357.
i; product of, 347, i, 349, i, 352-357, i ; statistics of, Appendix V;
yield of, 357, i; comparative value of diamonds from, 357, i; ore (blue
ground) in sight, 357, i; fossils in, 125-126, ii; during siege,
256-259, ii; searchlight, 256, ii; Kimberley supplied with water from,
259, ii.
Premier (Transvaal) Diamond Mining Company, 330-331, ii.
Pretoria, capital of South African Republic, no, i.
Production
of diamonds, by De Beers, 161, ii, see statistics, Appendix V; in the
Orange River Colony, 161-162, ii; in the Transvaal, 162-163, ii; in
Brazil, in India, in New South Wales, in Borneo, 164, ii; in British
Guiana, 165, ii.
Prospecting
for diamonds, 121, i ; on the Vaal River, 122, i; 83-1/2 carat diamond,
the " Star of South Africa," found, 123, i; on the Vaal, 124, i.
Pulsator, or concentrating plant, 15, ii; automatic sorting machines, 18-23, ii,
Pumping plants, early methods, 239, i; De Beers Mine, 336, i; Kimberley mine, 337. 318, ii.
Punishments of natives, 218, i.
Quathlamba Mountains, III, i.
Railways,
forty miles, in 1867, 113, i; extension of, 196-212, ii. Rainfall,
average, 262, i. Rand, the, gold mining in the Transvaal,
212-218, ii. Reef, name given, 199, i; falling of, 234-
236, 238-253, i. " Regent, The," history of, 29, i; weight of,
29, i. Rhodesia, entry into, 219-225, ii; extension
of, 226-235, ii, River diggings, along the Vaal, 124-139,
145-163,
178-181, 191, i, 162-163, ii. Roman, prodigality, 22, i. Romance of the
diamond, 9, 10, n, i. Ropes, winding, flat ropes, 333, i; round
ropes substituted, 333, i. Ruby, traditional efficacy of, 6, i; identifica-
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