Clunes Gold Field

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	in the mining efforts of the past missing many rich parts of lodes in ground supposed to be worthless, and present efforts are confined to taking out this lode matter then left. The definite saddle form of the Bendigo lode system, with its successive saddle occurrences in depth having comparatively short legs, necessitates more rapid sinking than on most Other lode systems of our State; hence Bendigo's greater depth. The more twisted the strain applied in the cracking, now known as lode systems, the less of the saddle and leg phase of lode structure. Take a roll of wet blotting-paper, and apply a twist strain to it gently, and note the nature of the cracking produced. Take a soft-covered book, and make a bow of it, and note the successive openings thus formed in the arch of the bow and down its sides. The lode structure of Ballarat East is of the class represented by the twisted roll of paper, and the lode structure of Bendigo is of the class represented by the bow of the book. Bendigo lode structure, however, is not the result of a push and resistance point directly opposite each other. There has been a slight twist strain applied even here. Many years since I experimented on sections of puddling machine slum layers with screwjacks, and found that the nature of the cracking in the mass varied according to the direction of push relative to the resisting point, and, after many interesting results, crack systems similar to the lode systems of Ballarat, Bendigo, Steiglitz, and Egerton were produced. Climes lode structure is after the Bendigo pattern, but with longer legs and less actual saddle quartz. In the latter respect it is more after the Stawell and St. Arnaud structure, although in the latter fields the arches and lodes lean to the east, instead of being nearly upright, as in Bendigo and Clunes.



	I As works were taken below the 900-ft. level in the Clunes system, it was found that the legs followed from the surface became, as a rule, thinner, aud that finally they joined other quartz formations in the inverted arches to the east and west of the centre arch whose formations were being

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