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Pastes

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166                                         GEMS.
were produced, which, from the originator, were called Orleans pastes.                                                                     '
The art of imitating gems was much improved in the last century, by means of the discovery of new-chemical components by a German named Strass, in compliment to whom all transparent glass, wrought into gems and used in imitation jewels, were called Strass stones.
Towards the end of the eighteenth century there were public and private workshops in Rome, where imitation carnei and glass intagli were made with such perfection as to render it difficult, if not impossible, for the most expert to distinguish the false from the true agate.
Goethe relates, that he found the art so highly appreĀ­ciated in Rome that strangers went there to practise it as amateurs. At present, Cades and Paoletti are the remaining representatives there of excellence in the art.
The filograna glasses and Venetian enamels are preĀ­ferred to all made in any part of Europe.
LXXVI.
PERIDOT.
This silicate of magnesia, coloured with oxide of iron, is of a dull olive-green colour.
Being found generally enclosed in basalts and vol-
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