demantoid
refers to the diamond-like luster which they possess. The stone is also
known as " Uralian emerald." Uvarovite, named for Count Uvarov of
Russia, also makes valuable gems if found in pieces of sufficient size
and luster. It is found in Russia, in Pennsylvania, and in Canada.
That
garnet has been known and used from the earliest times has already been
remarked. Under the name of carbuncle mention is made of it in the
literature of all ages, the feature noted being usually the brilliant,
fiery light which it gives torth. According to the Talmud, the only
light which Noah had in the ark was afforded by a carbuncle, and there
are many Oriental tales regarding the size and brilliancy of carbuncles
owned by the potentates of the East. Occasionally carbuncles were
engraved, and some fine garnet intaglios are still known. The greater
abundance of the stone in modern times has led to its being less highly
prized than formerly, and to its being put to other uses than mere
adornment, but it perhaps contributes more largely to the comfort and
happiness of the world as it is now used than could ever have been the
case when it was the property only of kings. The virtues ascribed to
the garnet in earlier times were similar to those of the ruby, but in
less degree. It was emblematic of constancy, gave and preserved health,
and reconciled differences between friends. It kept off plague and
thunder if suspended from the neck, and increased riches and honors.
