VARISCITE
	Variscite resembles turquois in many properties, being, like that min­eral, an opaque, hydrous phosphate of aluminum not occurring in distinct crystals. Its color is, however, normally an apple-green to emer­ald-green rather than blue, and its luster is more nearly vitreous than that of turquois. Its hardness is not equal to that of turquois, being but 4. Its specific gravity is 2.4. It is infusible before the blowpipe, but becomes white and colors the flame deep bluish-green on heating. The only form of it that has been used to any extent for gem purposes is one found in Cedar Valley, Tooele County, Utah. This is of a bright green color, and occurs as nodules in a crystalline limestone. Pieces of this give a pleasing effect when employed in jewelry in a manner similar to turquois.
	CALLAINITE This mineral has been found only in a Celtic grove at Mani-er-H'rock, near Lockmariaquer, in Brittany. It is there preserved in the form of rounded pieces in size between a flaxseed and a pigeon's egg, and was doubtless employed by the ancient Celts as an ornamental stone. Where they obtained it has never been learned. It is a hydrous phosphate of aluminum of a green color, spotted with whitish and bluish. Its hard­ness is 3.5 to 4; specific gravity 2.5. It is opaque to translucent. On account of its historic (or prehistoric) interest pieces have been cut and used to some extent in jewelry; but its employment can obviously not be extensive on account of the small amount known. The name cal-lainite comes from callais, a precious stone mentioned by Pliny, the exact nature of which is not known, although it is generally supposed to have been turquois.
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