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PRECIOUS STONES.
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associated
with much the same group of minerals as at the locality near Bathurst,
but on the Gwydir the miners attach special importance to the presence
of Tourmaline as an indicator of the proximity of Diamond. However, in
1901, Mr. Pittman, of the New South Wales Geological Survey, described
the occurrence of Diamond in breccia filling an old volcanic pipe very
similar to the pipes of South Africa; the breccia contained angular
fragments of sedimentary rocks and acid volcanic rocks as well as of
the basic volcanic rocks, basalt and eclogite, and besides Diamonds,
Zircon, Garnet and Diopside were seen.
Diamond
has been found in all the other other parts of the continent; that is,
in Victoria, at Beechworth, and other localities ; in South Australia,
to the south-east of Adelaide; in Western Australia, near Freemantle,
with Zircon, Topaz, Ilmenite and Quartz; and in Queensland, on the
Palmer river, etc. Diamonds are also said to have been found at
Courina, in Tasmania.
In
1829 the Diamond was discovered in Europe, at a deposit of detrital
matter of the Adolfskoi gold washings, not far from Bissersk, and later
at other places, as Kuschaisk; also ten miles east of Katherinenburg
and other places; later, they have been found in the southern part of
the Ural mountains. At Adolfskoi the mineral was found in a
gold-bearing sand, associated with, besides Gold, such minerals as
Magnetite, Limonite, Quartz, and varieties of Chalcedony, Platinum and
Anatase. The sand seems to be derived from matamorphic rocks in the
neighbourhood, such as a chlorite-talc-schist, with much Quartz.
Lapland has provided a most interesting occurrence of Diamond; the mineral was found on the border of Russian
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