volcanic rocks, and it was cut at Idar and Oberstein. As these stores became exhausted, fresh deposits discovered in Brazil were drawn upon ; these occur in similar rock in a mountain range running between the coast in the southern part of Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) and the Uruguay river in Uruguay. North of the Jacuhy, Carnelian is found in the beds of its tributaries, and Agate on the mountains around, while in the plains to the south, Onyx with alternate red and white bands (Sardonyx) is found in large masses. Unweathered Agate is found in the western part of the district in Uruguay.
In India, Agate is abundantly found in the Deccan rocks in the Kathiawar Peninsular to the west of the Gulf of Cambay, and is largely cut at Cambay (Kambayat). Also in Bajpipla, and in the Rajmahal Hills.
Minor localities are Jeschkenherg and other places in Bohemia, in Sardinia, Sicily, Arabia and Surinam. The Scottish localities are numerous, and though the Agates found are usually' not large, they are remarkable for their variety and beauty ; the principal ones are Montrose, Glen Farg, and near Cupar, all in lavas of Middle Old Bed Sandstone age; a magnificent collection of specimens from Scottish localities is in the Boyal Scottish Museum.
The Applications of Agate.—There are many purposes besides those of ornament to which this material is put; such are, its use for the knife-edges of chemical balances, for the pivots for marine compasses, in the manufacture of pestles and mortars for grinding hard substances, for burnishing metals, rollers for use in textile industries, dies for moulding plumbago for lead pencils, etc. But by far the greater part produced is wrought into vases, bowls, paper-knives, trays,
