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166 GEOLOGY OF NEW YORK CITY
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Other
localities than those mentioned above for cretaceous plant remains have
been Little Neck, in Northport Harbor, Elm Point, on Great Neck, Centre
Island, Dosoris Island, Oak Neck, Montauk Point.
Dr.
Merrill's description of the underlying rocks of Brooklyn can be
instructively quoted: " The Fordham gneiss forms the high anticlinal
ridge which borders the New York shore of the Hudson River from Yonkers
southward to Spuy-ten Duyvil, and also that on the west side of the
Bronx valley. The former ridge terminates on the south at Spuyten
Duyvil and does not reappear on Manhattan Island. The latter is
bifurcated at the southern end, and the western fork, interrupted by a
cross-fold at the Harlem River, ends on Manhattan Island in the low
ridge which borders 7th Avenue on the west at 155th Street, and
disappears by pitching below the general surface level about half a
mile southward. The eastern fork, which, owing to the same crossfold,
disappears beneath the limestone in Morrisania, reappears near the
Bronx hills in Mott Haven, where it forms a low anticlinal ridge,
interrupted by the Kills, and represented on Manhattan Island by a few
outcrops below high-water mark at the foot of East 123d and 125th
Streets, which are now obliterated. Some narrow anticlinal ridges of
Fordman gneiss are seen, as the islands in the East River, notably
Blackwell's, Ward's, North Brother's, and South Brother's, and it
is the only stratified crystalline rock at present exposed on Long
Island, in Long Island City, Ravenswood, and Lawrence's Point."
The
features of the glacial drift on Long Island in Brooklyn are repeated
with perhaps more striking details on Staten Island, and in the chapter
on " Evidences of Glaciation in and about New York " their broader
aspects are reviewed.
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