the qualifying term. Ishibic probably correctly described the narrow ridge or ancient cliff north of Beekman Street, to which it was applied. Acitoc is given as the name for the height of land in Broadway, Abie, as that of a rock rising up in the Battery, and Penabic, ' the
comb mountains,' as that of Mount Washington. A tract of meadow-land on
the north end of the island, near Kingsbridge, was called Muscoota,
which is said to signify ' grass land,' but, as the same name is given
to Harlem River, other signification is implied, unless, in the latter
case, the word should be rendered ' the river of the grass lands.' A
similar dual application of name appears in Papirinimen, which is given
as that of a tract of land ' on the north end of the island,' about One
Hundred and Twenty-eighth Street, between the Spuyten Duyvil and the
Harlem, and also as that of the Spuyten Duyvil. Shorackappock is said
to have described the junction of the Spuyten Duyvil and the Hudson,
but the equivalents of the term—sho and acka— indicate
that the interpretation should be, as in Shotag (now Schodac), 'the
fire-place,' or place at which the council chamber of the chieftaincy
was held—an interpretation which clothes the locality with an interest
of more significance than the occurrence there of the attack upon the
Half-Moon. The island was intersected by Indian paths, the principal
one of which ran north from the Battery or Kapsee Point to City Hall
Park, where it was crossed by one which ran west to the village of Lapinikan, and east to Naig-in-nac, or Corlear's Hook. The name assigned to the village, Lapinikan, may have been that of this crossing path, which was continued from Pavonia south of the Lenapewihitaik, or Delaware River. Many of the ancient roads followed the primary Indian footpaths.
"
The aboriginal names of the islands in the harbor have been preserved
more or less perfectly. Staten Island is called, in the deed to De
Vries, in 1636, Monacknong; in the deed to Capellen, in 1655, Ehquaous, and in that to Governor Lovelace, in 1670, Aquehonga-Manacknong, titles which are pre-
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