INTRODUCTION.
MINERALOGY OF THE ANCIENTS.
Pliny has
quoted by name numerous writers upon Mineralogy, for the most part
Greeks, from whom he drew in great measure the materials for Books
xxxvi. and xxxvii. of his ' Natural History.' The principal amongst
these, to judge by the character of his quotations, and his incidental
notices of the authors themselves, were the following:— Sotaeus, cited
as "the most ancient writer on the subject" (xxxvi. 38): and who
appears to have been a physician at the Persian court, like Democedes
or Ctesias, for he stated in his work that he had seen the wondrous
gem, the Dracontia, " apud Regem," " in the possession of the King,"
who being designated by this sole title, could, in accordance with
Grecian usage, have been no other than the King of Persia. Sotacus
therefore must have flourished before the Macedonian Conquest. Theophrastus, Aristotle's successor, much of whose little treatise Pliny has incorporated into his Book xxxvi.* Sudines and Zenothemis, his
*
In the quotations from Pliny throughout this work, the old-established
division of the chapters has been observed; although the text followed
is that of the last editor, Jan's. That scholar by the aid
(m )
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