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Ch. 9: Birth Stones

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314 THE CURIOUS LORE OF PRECIOUS STONES
stones of the breastplate, noting in several cases the ther­apeutic and talismanic virtues of these stones and giving his opinion as to the order in which the names of the tribes were inscribed upon them.7 As the foundation stones of Revelation are rightly called "apostolic stones," so those of the breastplate merit the designa­tion of "tribal stones," as well as that of astral stones; indeed, the Jews of medieval times definitely associated the tribes with the zodiacal signs in the following order :
For Rabanus Maurus the nine gems of the king of Tyre named in Ezekiel xxxviii, 13, are types of the nine orders of angels, just as the twelve foundation stones of Revelation signify the twelve apostles.8
It is evident, from early and later usage, that, at the place and time where and when these stones were first utilized for birth-stones, the year must have begun with the month of March. This will be apparent when we compare the following eight lists, carefully gathered from various sources:
' Sancti Patris Epiphanii episcopi Cypri ad Diodorum Tyri epis-eopum, " De XII. Gemmis, quœ erant in veste Aaronis," ed. Gesner, Tiguri, 1565.
* Rabani Mauri, " Opera Omnia," vol. v, col. 465 ; in Patrologia Latina?, ed. Migne, vol. xvi, Paris, 1864.
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