cat's-eye
has been observed in several localities in Pennsylvania. A hexagonal
crystal with the pyramid of greenish color, resulting from very fine
fibers of actinolite disseminated through it, came from York County,
Pa. It is found also five miles east of Bethlehem in the allanite
locality, but not of gem quality. A curious, dark-gray piece of quartz,
obtained from the West Shore Railway tunnel at Weehawken, N. J., was
filled with what seemed to be byssolite, but really may be an altered
pectolite; it would cut a cat's-eye of fair quality. A fibrous black
hornblende from near Chester, Mass., and a white, compact, fibrous
pyroxene from Tyringham, Mass., afforded imperfect cat's-eyes. Some of
the labrador spar, when filled with included minerals and impurities,
will show the cat's-eye ray; this is especially the case with the
mineral found in Orange County, N. Y., and in the northern part of the
State. Hypersthene, bronzite, and enstatite, when fibrous and cut
across the fiber, produce the effect, and are sold abroad as cat's-eyes
to a limited extent. Limonite from Salisbury, Conn., Richmond, Mass.,
and other American localities, can at times be cut into gems showing
the cat's-eye ray. Aragonite and gypsum (satin spars) both give the
cat's-eye effect.
Catlinite
or "pipestone" was stated by Dr. Charles T. Jackson to be a variety of
steatite, but it is now regarded by James D. Dana as a rock and not a
definite mineral species. It is found in large beds in the upper
Missouri region, in Pipestone County, Minn., and at several points in
Dakota, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, notably at Flandreau and Sioux Falls,
Dakota; Blue Earth River and Sac County, Iowa; Pipe Stone, Cottonwood,
Watonwan, and Nicollet Counties, Minn., and in Barron County, Wis. In
color it ranges from a deep red to an ashy tint. Reference is made to
pipestone by Jacques Marquette, the Jesuit missionary, whose name is
linked with the exploration of the upper Mississippi. He smoked the
pipe of peace with the Illinois Indians as early as 1673, and gives the
following exact description of that important utensil, the bowl of
which consisted of red pipestone: " It is made of polished red stone,
like marble, so pierced that one end serves to hold the tobacco, while
the other is fastened on the stem, which is a
